Phenomenology of High Energy Physics

09 Maggio 2022 (2h 00m)

Raffaele Tito D'agnolo - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

General Introudction to the course: cosmological constant problem, electroweak hierarchy problem, dark matter -Introduction to cosmology: homogeneous and isotropic universes, FRW metric, Friedmann equations, energy momentum tensor for matter and radiation, solution to Friedmann equations, cosmological constant, de Sitter universe -Brief history of the Universe: BBN, CMB, structure formation -Horizon and Flatness Problems

11 Maggio 2022 (2h 00m)

Raffaele Tito D'agnolo - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Inflation as a solution to the horizon and flatness problems -- Classical dynamics of inflation from a single scalar field -- preview of quantum effects during inflation (quantum fluctuations, power spectra, estimate of the power spectrum from dimensional analysis) -- general treatment of cosmological perturbations over a homogeneus and isotropic background: symmetries of the problem and their consequences, gauge redundancy of General Relativity and gauge invariant quantities

13 Maggio 2022 (2h 00m)

Raffaele Tito D'agnolo - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Computation of quantum fluctuations during inflation -- Minimum number of $e$-folds to solve horizon and flatness problem -- Observables in the CMB

16 Maggio 2022 (2h 00m)

Luigi Rolandi - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Photon gas in equilibrium with matter. Brightness. Plank spectrum. Discovery of CMB. Results of FIRAS: CMB is planckian. Measurement of Temperature antenna from spectral energy distribution. Uniformity of CMB and dipole term at 0.1 percent level. Decoupling. Why CMB measures the last scattering surface, The Horizon problem. The magic of the Thompson scattering and polarisation. The Planck mission. What exactly Planck measures. Instrumental corrections. Foreground corrections. Meaning of the power spectrum. Cosmological parameters as derived by the Plank data.

18 Maggio 2022 (2h 00m)

Luigi Rolandi - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Detailed discussion of the the Planck mission: instruments, building, launching, focal plane, data transmission, operation. Data acquisition. Corrections. Analysis. Anomalies.

20 Maggio 2022 (2h 00m)

Raffaele Tito D'agnolo - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Introduction to Effective Field Theories -- Symmetries and the hierarchy problems (Higgs mass and cosmological constant) -- Introduction to supersymmetry

23 Maggio 2022 (2h 00m)

Luigi Rolandi - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Motivations for Supersymmetry (Susy):hierarchy, coupling unification. Consequences of susj breaking. The LHC energy frontier , Parton distribution functions, typical susj signatures. LHC experimental conditions,Trigger and data acquisitions.

25 Maggio 2022 (2h 00m)

Luigi Rolandi - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Physics objects, including trigger: muons, electrons, taus, jets, MET, HT. How to design a SUSJ search, concept of control region and reduction of uncertainty on background rates. Statistical tools, how to put exclusion on a cross section , CL-S+B. The brasilian flag exclusion plot. How to read an exclusion plot.

31 Maggio 2022 (2h 00m)

Luigi Rolandi - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Simplified models, Natural Susj. Motivations for RT parity conservation . Search for a pair of neutralinos triggered by and ISR jet. Event topology JET+MET. Control regions with leptons. Interpretations of the result. Gluino/Squark pair production: jets + MET topology

01 Giu 2022 (2h 00m)

Luigi Rolandi - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Special v variables like alpha_T, MT2, Razor. Special case of stop production, almost degenerate with top, excluded with spin correlations. Electroweak SUSY and compressed scenarios..

03 Giu 2022 (2h 00m)

Luigi Rolandi - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Search for rpair produced RPV squarks each decaying to two jets. Search for long lived particles: R-Hadrons search with dE/dx. Stopped particles ink the calorimeters. Disappearing tracks. Displaced Jets.

03 Giu 2022 (2h 00m)

Raffaele Tito D'agnolo - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Abbott solution to the cosmological constant (CC) problem – Relaxion explana- tion of the Higgs mass – Introduction to 2- and 3-form fields – Brown-Teitelboim solution to the CC problem - Discussion of different types of landscapes for physical observables and difference between landscape and multiverse

06 Giu 2022 (2h 00m)

Luigi Rolandi - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Feebly interacting particles in accelerators, Light Dark matter. Paradigma with mediators. Vector portal, discussion on the parameter space and type of detection: visible final state, rescattering of DM, missing momentum , missing mass.

07 Giu 2022 (2h 00m)

Luigi Rolandi - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Dark photon in : prompt resonances, displaced vertices, Meson decays: Belle, LHCB, Mathusla, SHIP , Faser, NA62, NA64, LDMX. Millicharged particles.Scalar Portal: limits from meson decays and from Higgs decays. Fermion portal: neutrino mixing . Limits from weak decays. Axion and ALPS.

08 Giu 2022 (2h 00m)

Luigi Rolandi - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Photon dominance Light Shining through the wall, Polarisation experiments, Helioscopes, Haloscopes, Pick-up coils, Accelerator based ALPS searches. ALP fermion coupling, ALP gluon coupling. Search for ALPS at LHC.

09 Giu 2022 (2h 00m)

Raffaele Tito D'agnolo - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Bousso-Polchinski solution to the cosmological constant (CC) problem – Multiverse – Weinberg’s argument – anthropic solutions to CC and Higgs mass hierarchies – Dynamical selection mechanisms for the Higgs mass – Scale invariance – Symmetry and Landscapes, general philosophy

23 Giu 2022 (2h 00m)

Raffaele Tito D'agnolo - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Thermodynamics in an expanding universe – equilibrium distributions from maximum entropy – limiting forms for relativistic and non-relativistic particles – Boltzmann Equation

24 Giu 2022 (2h 00m)

Raffaele Tito D'agnolo - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Models of thermal dark matter production beyond WIMPs – General constraints on thermal dark matter: Neff bounds, small scale structure, matter radiation equality and CMB peaks

07 Lug 2022 (2h 00m)

Raffaele Tito D'agnolo - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

ultralight dark matter production via the misalignment mechanism - QCD theta angle – calculation in chiral perturbation theory of pion masses and neutron EDM with a theta angle – strong CP problem – solutions (mu=0, axion) – axion potential – axion cosmology

15 Lug 2022 (2h 00m)

Raffaele Tito D'agnolo - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Axion as dark matter - Approximate symmetries of inflation - de Sitter space - horizion of de Sitter - temperature in de Sitter

22 Lug 2022 (2h 00m)

Raffaele Tito D'agnolo - Corso (attività didattica) - A distanza

Conformal invariance of deSitter Metric - symmetries of inflationary correlators - In-In formalism for cosmological correlators – Imprints on non-gaussianities of massive particles during inflation (cosmological collider physics)