Lecture
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26 Set 2023 (2h 00m)
Federico Cremisi - Corso (attività didattica) - In presenza
Lesson 1. The discovery of pluripotency. The original papers of Gurdon. The reprogramming experiment of Yamanaka. The role of Sox2 in pluripotency and neuralization. Neuroblast reprogramming. Direct fibroblast reprogramming to neuroblasts.
28 Set 2023 (2h 00m)
Federico Cremisi - Corso (attività didattica) - In presenza
Lezione 2. Chromatin structure. Histone and non histone proteins. Histone modification by readers and writers. Insulators. DNA methylation. Master transcription facors as initiators of epigenetic changes in developemt. The concept of chromatin functiononal modules and their control in cell differentiation. The epigenetic code. Euchromatin, Etherochromatin and control of DNA transcription revisited after epigenetics.
03 Ott 2023 (2h 00m)
Federico Cremisi - Corso (attività didattica) - In presenza
Lesson 3. The three levels of gene expression control: chromatin topology, chromatin structure/modification, DNA cis-trans acting signals. The methods of interphase chromatin topology analysis: from polythene and lamprush chromosome visualization to C3/C4/c5/HiC chromatin conformation analysis approaches. Lamin-accociated domains and chromatin expression. NETS and crhomosomal loci repositioning during cell differentiation. The role of pionier transcription factors in establishing functional chromatin modules. Modulatrity of enhancer sequences and combinatorial interations of tisue-specific transcription factors. Enhancers, promoters, silencers, insulators.
05 Ott 2023 (2h 00m)
Federico Cremisi - Corso (attività didattica) - In presenza
Lesson 4. DNA methylation in gene expression control. Mechanisms of post-transcriptional expression control: RNA localisation, interference and splicing. The tools for gene functional analysis in developmental biology: ISH, RNA-seq, gain and loss of funtion assays, CrispR/CAS9 methods, CRE-Lox-mediated conditional KO. The bases for signaling: paracrine, autocrine and justacrine signaling, Cell-cell and cel-EMX interactions. Lens induction as example of cell competence in induction. The different signaling pathways active in developmental biology.
09 Ott 2023 (2h 00m)
Federico Cremisi - Corso (attività didattica) - In presenza
Lesson 5. Neural induction. The conservation of Speman-Mangold Organizer in vertebrates: the molecular toolkit. A/P and D/V neural patterning: the concept of induction of, gradient, treshold, time and concentration in the establisment of identity stripes.
12 Ott 2023 (2h 00m)
Federico Cremisi - Corso (attività didattica) - In presenza
Lesson 6. General cytoarchitecture of nerve cells. Neurogenesis: radial glia cells. Progenitor division and acquisition of neural identity. The Notch-Delta system: lateral inhibition, its evolutionary conservation and role in mammalian neurogenesis control.
16 Ott 2023 (2h 00m)
Federico Cremisi - Corso (attività didattica) - In presenza
Lesson 7. Notch-Delta signaling and its importance in regulating the size of neural progenitor cell pool. Gyrencephaly and the emergence of associative areas in the cerebral cortex. the possible role of primate-specific genes. The human-specific, secreted NOTC2NL expands cortical neurogenesis in mouse model. The molecular logic of cortical development: how master genes of cortical arealization and layering work in coordinaditing neural progenitor cell expansion, division e differenziation.
20 Ott 2023 (2h 00m)
Federico Cremisi - Corso (attività didattica) - In presenza
Lesson 8. The duration of Fgf8 isthmic organizer expression is key to patterning different tectal-isthmo-cerebellum structures. Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 Organizes the Neocortical Area Map and Regulates Sensory Map Topography. COUP-TFI regulates the balance of cortical patterning between frontal/motor and sensory areas. The microRNA miR-21 Is a Mediator of FGF8 Action on Cortical COUP-TFI Translation
23 Ott 2023 (2h 00m)
Federico Cremisi - Corso (attività didattica) - In presenza
Lesson 9. Species-Specific Mechanisms of Neuron Subtype Specification Reveal Evolutionary Plasticity of Amniote Brain Development. In vivo pulse labeling of isochronic cohorts of cells in the central nervous system using FlashTag. Temporal patterning of apical progenitors and their daughter neurons in the developing neocortex.
26 Ott 2023 (2h 00m)
Federico Cremisi - Corso (attività didattica) - In presenza
Neural crest cell development: molecular mechanisms of their origin, expansion, migration, positional identity acquisition and terminal differentiation.
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