Experimental Physics of Gravitational Waves

Academic year 2025/2026
Lecturer Giovanni Losurdo

Examination procedure

<p>Seminar</p>

Examination procedure notes

<p>The topic of the final seminar will be agreed upon by the student and the lecturer.</p>

Prerequisites

The course is designed for PhD and master students and does not require prior knowledge of General Relativity.

Syllabus

Introductory Lectures: Motivations for gravitational wave (GW) research. Overview of the results obtained by LIGO/Virgo to date.

Basic Theory of Gravitational Waves: Weak-field solution of Einstein's equations. Gravitational wave propagation. Sources. Detection principle.

Interferometry: Michelson interferometer. A conceptual gravitational wave detector.

Useful Mathematical Methods: Description of noise in the time and frequency domains.

Implementation of an Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detector: Seismic noise, thermal noise, quantum noise. Optical cavities (Fabry-Perot, power recycling, signal recycling).

Control Systems: Basic theory of control systems. Pendulum control. Control of an optical cavity (Pound-Drever-Hall technique). Interferometer locking.

Technologies: Vibration isolation, suspensions, mirrors, coatings, squeezing.

Data Analysis Techniques: Coalescing binary systems, bursts, continuous-wave sources. Bayesian inference.

Scientific Results on Gravitational Wave Physics: GW150914, GW170817 and their implications. O3 and O4 runs: from exceptional events to population studies.

Multimessenger Astronomy

Cosmology and Fundamental Physics with Gravitational Waves

Third-Generation Detectors: Scientific goals, technologies.

Outlook.

Bibliographical references

P.R. Saulson - Fundamentals of interferometric GW detectors - World Scientific

M. Maggiore - Gravitational Waves - Oxford

D. Reitze, P.R. Saulson, H. Grote eds. - Advanced interferometric GW detectors - World Scientific

M. Bassan (ed.) - Advanced interferometers and the search for GW - Springer

Papers proposed by the lecturer